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The ''National Assembly'' ((ハンガリー語:Országgyűlés); “Country Assembly”) is the parliament of Hungary. The unicameral body consists of 199 (was 386 between 1990 and 2014) members elected to 4-year terms. Election of members is based on a complex system involving both area and list election; parties must win at least 5% of the popular vote in order to enter list members the assembly (but area winners enter regardless). The Assembly includes 25 standing committees to debate and report on introduced bills and to supervise the activities of the ministers. The Constitutional Court of Hungary has the right to challenge legislation on the grounds of constitutionality. The assembly has met in the Hungarian Parliament Building in Budapest since 1902. == History == The Diet of Hungary〔András Gergely, Gábor Máthé: The Hungarian state: thousand years in Europe (published in 2000)〕 ((ハンガリー語:Országgyűlés)) was a legislative institution in the medieval kingdom of Hungary from the 1290s,〔Elemér Hantos: The Magna Carta Of The English And Of The Hungarian Constitution (1904)〕 and in its successor states, Royal Hungary and the Habsburg kingdom of Hungary throughout the Early Modern period. The name of the legislative body was originally "Parlamentum" during the Middle Ages, the "Diet" expression gained mostly in the Early Modern period.〔Cecil Marcus Knatchbull-Hugessen Brabourne (4th Baron): The political evolution of the Hungarian nation: (Volume I. in 1908)〕 It convened at regular intervals with interruptions during the period of 1527 to 1918, and again until 1946. The articles of the 1790 diet set out that the diet should meet at least once every 3 years, but, since the diet was called by the Habsburg monarchy, this promise was not kept on several occasions thereafter. As a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise, it was reconstituted in 1867. The Latin term ''Natio Hungarica'' ("Hungarian nation") was used to designate the political elite which had participation in the diet, consisting of the nobility, the Catholic clergy, and a few enfranchised burghers,〔John M. Merriman, J. M. Winter, Europe 1789 to 1914: encyclopedia of the age of industry and empire, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2006, p. 140, ISBN 978-0-684-31359-7〕〔Tadayuki Hayashi, Hiroshi Fukuda, Regions in Central and Eastern Europe: past and present, Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University, 2007, p. 158, ISBN 978-4-938637-43-9〕 regardless of language or ethnicity.〔(Katerina Zacharia, Hellenisms: culture, identity, and ethnicity from antiquity to modernity ), Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2008, p. 237 ISBN 978-0-7546-6525-0〕 Natio Hungarica was a geographic, institutional and juridico-political category.〔http://www.hungarianhistory.com/lib/transy/transy05.htm〕 The democratic character of the Hungarian parliament was reestablished with the fall of the Iron Curtain and the end of communist dictatorship in 1989. Today's parliament is still called ''Országgyűlés'' just like in royal times, but in order to differentiate between the historical royal diet is referred to as "National Assembly" now. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Assembly (Hungary)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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